Outcomes (WP4)

 Results from field work in Sweden and Norway suggest that pedestrian paths lighting guidance and conditions in the areas studied could be adjusted to decrease light spilling into urban forests after dark without compromising human usability, thus also enabling reduced energy consumption. The reductions in illumination were created by customizing and combining off-the-shelf products altering spectral power distribution to reduce short wavelength lighting, adjusting lensing to narrow the light distribution but with smooth cut-off for visual comfort, and, in some conditions, by reducing the overall light output and light level.

While software and measurement tools exist and were further developed to plan, represent and characterize site illumination, tangible shortcomings were defined and illustrated when the aim is to evaluate and plan site-specific outdoor lighting for multi-species, after-dark design. Field measurements were taken at representative areas on site throughout the four years of the study, before and after lighting interventions and logged for further analysis and interpretation of human and wildlife responses. Measurements included illuminance, luminance and light spectrum, methods and data are published. The project had a close collaboration with the municipalities of Uppsala and Ålesund in the on-site evaluations of lighting conditions as well as with industry in the development of lighting configurations.